![]() ![]() Since this research deals predominantly with electrostatic precipitators, a basic understanding of the principle is necessary (Fig. This paper proposes a monitoring method, which relies on data already measured in the ESP with low additional cost, meeting the demand for a state of the art monitoring system. This can have a negative impact on biomass usage and can impede a wider use of solid biofuels. This could also affect smaller plant and even household heating systems in near future.Īlthough approved equipment from several suppliers is available to measure, monitor, and record the particulate matter concentration, the additional costs would decrease the economic competitiveness of biomass-based combustion plants. However, a similar plant with a downstream dust separation device, like an ESP, requires either a continuous dust measurement system approved according EN 15267-3 or the proof of the continuous effective operation of the dust collector with a state of the art system. Concerning that, it is unclear, whether a cyclone or an integrated precipitator in the firing system is defined as downstream separation device. ![]() Article 3 § 21 thereof stipulates that solid fuel combustion plants have to measure the emitted dust concentration in the flue gas continuously.Ī plant with a thermal input of less than 5 MW and without a dust separation device downstream of the furnace does not need a continuous dust measurement, if it passes the defined discontinuous emission concentration measurements every three years. BImSchV (for “Bundesimmissionsschutzverordnung”), which implements the MCPD on a national level. The German legislative has issued the new directive 44. However, an effective continuous operation is not defined further. Īn operation condition of the MCPD (article 7, § 3 and 4) for plants using secondary abatement equipment in order to meet the emission limit values is that the operator shall keep a record of, or information proving, the effective continuous operation of that equipment. Plants with a total thermal input of more than 1 MW and less than 50 MW are considered medium-sized combustion plants. In 2015, the EU has concluded a new regulatory framework-the medium combustion plants directive (MCPD)-which defines emission limits for different pollutants including particulate matter and operation boundary conditions for medium-sized combustion plants. Electrostatic precipitators (ESP) are used to reduce these particulate matter emissions. Although advantageous, one major drawback of biomass combustion is the increased particulate matter concentration in the raw flue gas. The utilization of biomass for heating applications and power production is part of a solution to overcome this problem. ![]() A major contributor to this issue is the burning of fossil fuels leading to increased CO 2 concentrations in the atmosphere. This method will help operators to meet legal requirements.Ĭlimate change is one of the most imminent threats to the planet. Hence, the availability of the system can be evaluated. Additionally, it is necessary to define a suitable reference signal that indicates whether the combustion plant is running or not. It is shown that the deviation from the separation efficiency calculated by the method and the measured efficiency is smaller than 7%. This article proves the effectiveness of the method in calculating the precipitation effectiveness of the ESP. Consequently, a continuous proof of function can be delivered without high cost for additional measurement equipment. The method proposed in this paper focuses on the readily available current (I) and voltage (U) data of the high-voltage unit supply of an ESP to calculate the efficiency of the particle separation. Due to new regulations based on the medium combustion plants directive introduced by the EU, continuous surveillance of secondary precipitation technologies like ESP has to be implemented. In medium-sized plants, electrostatic precipitators (ESP) are commonly used separators to minimize the particulate matter concentration. However, the flue gas of biomass-based combustion plants contains increased amounts of particulate matter, which need to be separated before release into the environment because of legal emission limits. Combustion plants based on wooden biomass as fuel can contribute to a decarbonization of the energy sector by reducing the need for fossil energy usage, which decreases the net carbon dioxide output in the atmosphere. ![]()
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